The J curve represents a hypothetical short-term increase in a country's trade deficit that occurs immediately following a decline in the value of its currency.

J Curve

The J-curve effect refers to a "J" shaped section of a time-series graph in which the curve falls into negative territory and then gradually rises to a higher level than before the decline.

J-Curve Effect

JAJO stands for January, April, July, and October -- the four months in which companies are likely to declare dividends.

JAJO

A jackpot is a big winning -- often the largest a competition or event has to offer.

Jackpot

The annual Jackson Hole Economic Summit focuses on prominent economic issues that face the U.S. along with the rest of the world.

Jackson Hole Economic Summit

The Jackson Hole Economic Symposium, held in Jackson Hole, Wyoming, is a conference focusing on important economic issues that face the United States and the rest of the world.

Jackson Hole Economic Symposium

The January barometer posits that gains in the S&P 500 index for the month of January predict market gains for the entire year.

January Barometer

The January Effect refers to a pattern exhibited by stocks -- particularly small-cap stocks -- in which they've shown a tendency to rise during the last several trading days in December and then continue to rally throughout the first week of January.

January Effect

The Japan Credit Rating Agency (JCR) is a credit rating agency in Japan.

Japan Credit Rating Agency (JCR)

Jekyll and Hyde is a term to describe volatile corporate earnings.

Jekyll and Hyde

Jensen's measure is a statistical measurement of the portion of a security's or portfolio's return that is not explained by the market or the security's relationship to the market but rather by the skill of the investor or portfolio manager. It is also called alpha.

Jensen's Measure

Jingle mail occurs when a property owner sends his/her keys to the mortgage lender because he/she is unable to continue to make payments.

Jingle Mail

A jitney is an illegal scheme in which two brokers trade a stock back and forth in order to increase the trading volume and earn commissions. In some circles, a jitney is also scheme in which a broker performs trades for another broker who does not have access to a certain exchange.

Jitney

A job footprint describes the variety and scope of functions for a given role in an organization.

Job Footprint

Job hunting expenses are costs that job seekers incur while searching for a new job.

Job Hunting Expenses

A job lot is a commodities futures contract where the underlying commodity is denominated in smaller amounts than a regular futures contract.

Job Lot

The job market is the group of individuals seeking employment within an economy.

Job Market

The Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS) is the name of a detailed report on the U.S. job market published each month by the Bureau of Labor Statistics.

Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey

Jobber is a slang term for an agent in business, particularly trading.

Jobber

Jobless claims is a measure of the number of individuals who filed for state unemployment benefits. It is an important indicator of how many people are unemployed at a point in time. The meaning of jobless claims can vary as it refers to two separate statistics: initial jobless claims and continuing jobless claims.

Jobless Claims

A jobless recovery refers to a sustained economic upturn accompanied by persistent or increasing unemployment levels.

Jobless Recovery

Jobs growth is a U.S. economic indicator that represents the number of new jobs created in a given month.

Jobs Growth

The Jobs and Growth Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2003 was a bill passed by the U.S. Congress in 2003 as an economic stimulus measure.

Jobs and Growth Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2003 (JGTRRA)

JIBAR is a market indicator and a benchmark for various interest rates in South Africa.

Johannesburg Interbank Agreed Rate (JIBAR)

John D. Rockefeller (1839-1937) was the founder of Standard Oil Company and became one of the world's wealthiest people. Widely regarded as the richest person in American history, Rockefeller's net worth reached a peak of nearly $340 billion (in today's dollars, adjusted for inflation) in 1913.

John D. Rockefeller

A joint account is any type of bank account held by two or more persons.

Joint Account

A joint bond is a bond that is backed by an issuer and one or more additional guarantors.

Joint Bond

Joint credit is credit extended by a lender to two or more parties. Loans secured from joint credit are the responsibility of all parties.

Joint Credit

Joint endorsement is a requirement by many banks that checks be endorsed by all parties of a joint account.

Joint Endorsement

Joint liability refers to the individual and collective obligation of more than one party on a loan.

Joint Liability

A joint life with last survivor annuity is an annuity that provides spouses with income until both spouses have died. The annuity also gives the holder the option to give a portion of the remaining income to a third-party beneficiary until the surviving spouse's death.

Joint Life with Last Survivor Annuity

Joint owned property is a real estate asset with two or more owners.

Joint Owned Property

Joint probability is a type of measure found by calculating the probability of two events happening together. In other words, it’s the probability of event X happening at the same time as event Y, like an intersection of two events.

Joint Probability

A joint return is a tax return filed by two people based on their marital status at the end of the year or at the time of death of either one of the individuals.

Joint Return

The joint return test is used by the IRS to determine whether or not a taxpayer may be validly claimed as a dependent by another taxpayer. This test also determines whether or not a married taxpayer may file a joint income tax

Joint Return Test

A joint stock company is a company whose stockholders have the same privileges and responsibilities as an unlimited partnership.

Joint Stock Company

Joint supply is the simultaneous output of two or more products from a single process or material.

Joint Supply

Joint tenancy is an arrangement in which two or more individuals occupy a property. Participating tenants each share equally in the rights and responsibilities related to the property.

Joint Tenancy

Joint tenants in common (JTIC) is a type of ownership wherein two or more individuals jointly own a property or portfolio of assets. If one owner dies, his or her portion of the property or portfolio remains in his or her name.

Joint Tenants in Common (JTIC)

Joint tenants with right of survivorship (JTWROS) is a type of ownership in which all joint owners have equal portions of ownership that are immediately allocated to remaining owners if one owner dies.

Joint Tenants with Right of Survivorship (JTWROS)

A joint venture (JV) is a project or enterprise in which multiple companies or individuals invest. Participants usually share equally in the project's direction and profits.

Joint Venture (JV)

Joint and several liability means an obligation to make a payment either together or individually.

Joint and Several Liability

A joint and survivor annuity is an annuity with two named beneficiaries. The annuity provides both beneficiaries with recurring income for life.

Joint and Survivor Annuity

A joint-life payout is a retirement-benefit payout method whereby a retiree receives benefits from the retirement plan until he or she dies, and the retiree's spouse or partner then receives benefits from the same plan until he or she dies too.

Joint-Life Payout

Jointly and severally is a legal phrase that means two or more persons are fully responsible equally for the liability.

Jointly and Severally

A Jonestown defense is a tactic to prevent hostile takeovers. It often results in the death of the target.

Jonestown Defense

The Joseph Effect is a statistical measure that indicates whether certain price movements are part of a long-term trend.

Joseph Effect

In the finance world, journal is short for journal entry. It is also short for The Wall Street Journal.

Journal

A judgment is a court order to pay someone else a sum of money or other remedy.

Judgment

A judgment lien allows a creditor to take possession of a piece of a debtor's property if the debtor does not pay his or her debts.

Judgment Lien

Judgmental credit analysis occurs when a banker approves or denies a credit application based on his or her experience with similar projects rather than the applicant's creditworthiness.

Judgmental Credit Analysis

A jumbo CD is a certificate of deposit of $100,000, $1 million or more.

Jumbo CD

A jumbo loan, also called a jumbo mortgage, is a mortgage that exceeds the maximum amount that will be guaranteed by a government-sponsored entity like Fannie Mae.

Jumbo Loan

A jumbo pool is a security backed by mortgages from several issuers.

Jumbo Pool

A junior accountant is an entry-level accountant. An accountant is a trained, knowledgeable person who performs functions necessary to compile, inspect, interpret, and/or report financial statements and tax returns that comply with governmental and regulatory authority requirements.

Junior Accountant

A junior capital pool is a Canadian entity that goes public before going into business.

Junior Capital Pool (JCP)

In the event of a borrower’s bankruptcy, junior debt is debt that is repaid after the obligations to senior lenders or creditors have been fulfilled. Usually, it also has no collateral.

Junior Debt

Junior equity is an issuance of stock that is subordinate to other stock issued by a company.

Junior Equity

A junior issue is an issuance of securities that are subordinate to other securities issued by a company. Junior issues can be debt or equity.

Junior Issue

A junior mortgage is a loan secured by the equity in a house. Equity equals the value of the house less the balance owed on the homeowner's first (or in some cases, preceding) mortgages. Junior mortgages are not the same as home equity lines of credit (HELOCs).

Junior Mortgage

A junior security is subordinate to other securities issued by a company.

Junior Security

A junk bond is a fixed-income security that is rated below investment grade by one or more of the major bond ratings agencies.

Junk Bond

Junk fees appear in mortgage closing documents and usually benefit the loan originator or the lender.

Junk Fees

A Juris Doctor (JD) is a law degree. The term first came into use in 1969.

Juris Doctor (JD)

Jurisdiction risk is the risk of doing business in another country.

Jurisdiction Risk

Just compensation is the fair market value that a federal or local government must pay to a property owner in order to seize that private property for public use.

Just Compensation

Just In Case (JIC) is an inventory-management method whereby materials, goods and even labor are on hand so they are there when needed in the production process. The method is generally the opposite of the Just in Time (JIT) inventory method, whereby materials, goods and even labor are scheduled to arrive or be replenished only exactly when needed in the production process.

Just In Case (JIC)

In the manufacturing and logistics world, just in time (JIT) inventory management helps companies reduce storage costs and improve quality. Originated by the Toyota Motor Company in 1938, the just in time concept helps companies reduce waste and align all production processes.